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المحرر موضوع: recycling  (زيارة 1379 مرات)

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مايو 20, 2006, 11:46:10 مساءاً
زيارة 1379 مرات

هبة منير

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    • haboosh_1983@yahoo.com
recycling
« في: مايو 20, 2006, 11:46:10 مساءاً »
':010:'
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
RECYCLING
Recycling
Recycling has many meanings :
* Some times it means reusing some thing .
 *In terms of solid waste it means The separation of a specific material from the waste stream and processing it so that it may be used again as a raw material for products or in some cases as a fuel.
 


Recycling:-is a process in which valuable products such as metals are collected and returned to factories, where they are melted down and used to manufacture new products.


•   Recycling has become an everyday habit. As a result, recycling has grown substantially over the last decade: from 11% to 27% .  Every year, each of us still discards nearly 1600 pounds of trash, most of which still goes to landfills and incinerators.
•   By making products from recycled materials instead of virgin materials, we reduce the need to cut down trees, drill for oil, and dig for minerals. It usually takes less energy to make recycled .products

•   In most cases, making products from recycled materials creates less air pollution and water pollution than making products from virgin materials. When the materials that you recycle go into new products, they do not go into landfills or incinerators, so scarce landfill space is conserved. Recycling creates jobs, saves valuable resources and is simple to do. Before you throw away, think about the Earth and reuse, reduce and recycle.
•   The term recycling has become a part of our everyday vocabulary. We take for granted that we recycle everything as much as we can.


Sustainable development:-

•   Sustainable development:-economic development that meets current needs without compromising ability of future generations to meet their needs.
•   Relies on appropriate technology , efficient use of resources , recycling,
Renewable resource use, and other measures.






Minerals Cycle


•   Life, as we know it, exists on the earth or in the earth.
•   
•   Whether it is in our own bodies, that of other living things or plant life, all of us, each and every one contains within us a part of the earth. We eat products grown on the earth, drink water that came from the surface of, or from within the earth, we dispose of our wastes on or in the earth, in fact we are all earth recycling 'machines'.
•   
•   As such we all contain metals and minerals that come from the earth. Without such we would be unhealthy. Given too much we could also be unhealthy. Without the everyday convenience of everything from satellites that monitor weather, televisions that allow us humans to see the images from those satellites, to the cars that protect us from the weather when we travel, all incidentally products made from raw materials dug out of the earth, our lives would be drastically different. In fact civilization as we know it would not exist without earth resources .
•   
Minerals cycle
Recycle process
•   Step 1. Collection and Processing
Step 1. Collection and Processing
•   
Collecting recyclables varies from community to community, but there are four primary methods: curbside, drop-off centers, buy-back centers, and deposit/refund programs

Step 2.Manufacturing

Once cleaned and separated, the recyclables are ready to undergo the second part of the recycling loop. More and more of today's products are being manufactured with total or partial recycled content. Common household items that contain recycled materials include newspapers and paper towels; aluminum, plastic, and glass soft drink containers; steel cans; and plastic laundry detergent bottles. Recycled materials also are used in innovative applications such as recovered glass in roadway asphalt , or recovered plastic in carpeting, park benches, and pedestrian bridges.

Step 3. Purchasing Recycled Products

Purchasing recycled products completes the recycling loop. By "buying recycled," governments, as well as businesses and individual consumers, each play an important role in making the recycling process a success. As consumers demand more environmentally sound products, manufacturers will continue to meet that demand by producing high-quality recycled products

Problems in RECYCLING
•   *A big problem for recycling is the wild fluctuation in market prices for commodities .

•   *Contamination of recyclable materials

Benefits of Recycling

Reduction in pollution.

•   Recycling helps increase the time a mineral or metal remains in use (residence time).

•   Saves energy, money, raw materials, and land space.

•   Provide jobs for unskilled workers (Recycling creates three to six times more jobs per unite of material than land filling or incineration ).
Waste minimization program
•   Collecting and selling cans, paper and other materials for recycling is an important source of income for many people all over the world ,(especially the homeless and the disadvantaged ).

Reduce the pressure on disposal systems .

Paper and card board recycling .
•   Since 19995 Jordan environmental agency had been collecting paper and cardboard for recycling in addition to other private companies like Abu-atia &hashlamon company in sahab and abu-jaber company in alyadodeh .
Glass recycling
•   Glass recycling in Jordan is applied in small factories on which the recycled glass quantities reach
•   (1-5.1) ton/day
The color of the glass is a problem in recycling which needs more separation .

Plastic recycling

•   • Recycled plastic quantities reaches (120-150)ton/day in the summer and decreased to (50) ton/day in winter .









SOLID WASTE QUANTITES IN JORDAN
PRICES OF RECYCLED MATERIALS IN JORDAN
Recommendations
•   •*Increase recycling by government and by individual and cooperate citizens as apart of national Agenda to the municipal solid waste problem

•   *Increase the awareness of people toward the importance of and benefits recycling .

•   *Increase the awareness of people about the recycling as an economic source through collecting , purchasing , and*Initiate program using market incentives to change consumers behavior (pay-as-you-throw) , while making a curbside recycling of waste free for consumer , under the controlling of government .

•   *Successful projects must be build on a good analysis and a perfect  
•   studying of all the dimensions


•   *sending a newsletter regarding recycling issues to all resident.

Strategies for reducing solid waste
•   
References
•    *حصاد الهاشمية: الدكتور احمد الملاعبة

•   Cunningham, w.p. Cunningham, M.A. Sigo, B. W. *
•   (1997) Environmental science.

•   *Buchholz, R.A.  (1998)  PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT .ه

•   *\Maine State Planning Office Recycling and Waste Management. tm

•   *\Municipal Solid Waste - Recycling. tm

•   *\Solid Waste Department - Solid Waste
•   Terminology. tm

•   * www.google.com


•    */ Recycling. htm

•   Daniel D. Chiras, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, sixth edition.
الله أكبر

مايو 24, 2006, 10:25:54 صباحاً
رد #1

هبة منير

  • عضو مبتدى

  • *

  • 61
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    • مشاهدة الملف الشخصي
    • haboosh_1983@yahoo.com
recycling
« رد #1 في: مايو 24, 2006, 10:25:54 صباحاً »
أرجوا الرد على موضوعي لانني أحب أن أعرف رأيكم به.؟
الله أكبر

يوليو 02, 2006, 11:20:08 مساءاً
رد #2

حور العين

  • عضو خبير

  • *****

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    • مشاهدة الملف الشخصي
recycling
« رد #2 في: يوليو 02, 2006, 11:20:08 مساءاً »
حلو موضوعج ولغتج بصراحه توب مع وجود بعض الدفنشن ماعرفتها بس بخصوص الريسايكل اتذكر سويت مشروع ( بصراحة يعني بس مساعده مادية وفكرية)عن اعادة التصنيع وكانت فكرته عن عجينة اوراق داخل الخلاط واضافة مواد ملونة ومعطرة ونستخرج العجينة ونسوي منه اوراق مذكره وكرتون للبيض وغيرة. وعندنا بالكويت مصانع لاعادة تصنيع الكراتين والجرائد وغيرة ومشكورة مرة ثانية على الموضوع الشيق

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مرحباً أختي حور المتألقة دائماً - على ذمتي وذمة تيسير

        
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ليكن رصيدك ثلاث ذمم ,,, رقم قياسي ما شاء الله

                
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